Dolphus toeeey



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-sheet 1.

, DATORRBY. LOGOMOTIVBAND TRAINBRAKB. T No. 276,928. Patented May 1,1883.

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D. TORRRY. `LocmlvxoTIvR AND TRRIN BRAKE," i `IR-276,923. Patemgdmay 1.1883.

UNITED i STATES PATENT OFFICE..

13o-trans Tonner, on New YORK, N. Y.

LoCoMoTwEyAND TRAIN BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming pai-1; of Letters Patent No. evaeaaaatea May 1, 188e. Application filed March 20, 18S-2. Renewed March 27, 1853. (No model.)`

Toalt whom it may concern: Be it known that I, DoLPHUs ToRnEY,.a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Fluid-Brake Mechanism, ot which the followingis a specication.

My invention relates to a use and application of connected or associated cylinders hav- .ing different sectional areas, the pistons of which are connected to the brake mechanism, and the ports of which are so connected with the boiler or other source ot' pressure-supply that the steam or other fluid may be admitted to etherof the cylinders singly or coincidently, whereby the stress of the braking apparatus isv made of three degreesof intensity with one degree of steam-pressure in the boiler. Steam or other` fluid is admitted to the cylinders l preferably by means ot' a cock having several ways, and may be so `arranged that the driver of the locomotive may, by turning the cock a slightdistance, bring into useone cylinder, by turning the cock a little ,distance farther, the

other one, severing the connection ofthe first for differing degrees ot'` brake-pressure to obtain the best results. The mechanical arrangement is applicable to the use of air-brakes, either compressed or vacuum, and tothe transmission oi' the stress to the brake applianceby means of water-rods or other, either rigid or flexible, mechanical connection for tension or compression. Two or more air-cylinders, hav- Y ing their pistons connectedby a common rod,

can be brought into separatel or joint use by the application of the mechanicaldevices hereinafter set forth, so as to secure single, double, or treble degrees of power by the turning 'of the cock controllinglthe motor-huid, and in asimilar way with the cylinders, bags, or diaphragms of vacnumbrakes.

To illustrate the preferredmethod of usingl my invention, the case `istaken ot' an apparatus for the use oi' steam upon a locomotive to apply the brakes attached thereto. At any convenient place upon the locomotive are set the two steam-cylinders, preferably cast in the same axial line, with a solid head between them common to both. In these cylinders are two' y pistons attached toa common piston rod, which extends through one ot' the end heads toa con-4 nection with the ordinary brake rods, levers, &c. Steam is taken from the boiler of the locomotive and admitted to one en d ot one ot the -cylinders,or to both, as maybe desired. Its expansion forces the piston-rod out, and thereby moves the `brake attachments and applies the brakes. It should be understood that I do not limit myself to the use of two cylinders, as under circumstances likely to arise more may be; desirable. I also contemplate the use in connection with these steam-cylinders of a hydraulic cylinder, which by means of connecting water-rods can eect an application ot' the brakes by means ot" appropriately-located cylinders.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the connected cylinders. Fig. 2 is perspective view of the cock or valve on a larger scale. of said cock or valve, also `on a larger scale. Fig. 4. is a plan view of the entire surface ot' ,the cock or valve as if unrolled, showing the relative positions of the ports. Fig. 5 isa side view, on a smaller scale, of a locomotive and `tender with the invention applied.

1 and 2 represent steam-cylinders of different areas, mechanically connected, and having a common piston-rod, 10, to which their respective pistons 11 and 12 are txed, said piston-rod working through a packing in the conimon connectinghead ot" the two cylinders, which head separates their chambers.

represents a hydraulic cylinder fitted withV a piston, 13, which is fixed to the extremity ot' the same piston-rod, 10.

6 and 7 are steam-pipes leading from the cock or valve shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the pipe Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section 6 opening into the cylinder 1, and the pipe 7r into the end ofthe cylinder 2, so that steam admitted through the respective pipes 6 and' rtwill have the effect of impelling` the rod l0 in one and the same direction, but with different degrees of force, determined by the relative IOO areas of the said cylinders. The pipe 28 communicates with the chamber 4 in the rear end of the cylinder 1 for releasing the brakes.

5 is the water-chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 3, and 9 a pipe or water-rod, through which the liquid is forced by the piston in said cylinder 3 in order to apply the brakes by communication with water or air cylinders in customary manner. l

The piston-rod 10 may, it preferred, connect directly with chains, pitmen, and other conimon mechanical devices for actuating the brakes instead of with the hydraulic connec- .tion 3 5 9, as herein shown.

The cock or valve shown in Figs. 2 and 3 consists of a cylinder or casing, 14, having an inlet-pipe, 15, connected with itat any suitable point, a series of outlet-pipes, 6 7 8, and a dis charge-pipe,16. Thesemay beinaverticalline, as shown. The valve properconsistsot' a stem, 17, of skeleton form, carrying a shell, 18, iitted in the cylindrical casing 14, so as to communicate at its interior with the inlet-pipe 15, and having a number ot' ports, 19, 20, 21, and 22, in its periphery. The port 20 and the rear ends of ports 21 22 arein a vertical line. The ports 19 20 are so arranged that either may be brought to register with the steam-pipe 6.

21 is a port elongated circumferentially and with one end in line with the port 20, while its other end is midway between the ports 19 and 20, so that when one end of said port 21 is brought into register with the pipe 7 steam will be discharged through the said pipe 7 alone; but by at'urther movement of the valve the ports 20 and 2l are brought in register with the respective pipes 6 and 7, simultaneously causing the delivery of steam through both.

22 is a port registering with the pipe 8, which connects with any suitable train-brake apparatus. For illustration, I have shown it terminating in an ejector-nozzle, 26,'from which a pipe, 27, connects with a vacuum-brake, 29, under the tender, and extends through couplings 30 to all the cars ot' a train in the usual manner. The port 22 is elongated, so that its extremities are in line with the respective ports 19 and 20, causing the train-brake to be thrown on whenever the locomotive-brake is opened under either degree of pressure. The valve is further provided with a longitudinal groove, 24, in its periphery, by which, while the communication with the inlet-pipe 15 is closed, all the pipesi 7 8 may be brought into communication with the discharge-pipe 16.

On the extremity of the stem 17 is a lever or handle, 25, for operating it, and the head ot f the casing 14 is marked with a scale, as shown `illustration 2,000, the port 19 beingrv brought in register with the pipe 6, the steam will be caused to act upon the piston in the smaller motor-cylinder, 1, thereby applying, say, two thousand pounds pressure to the brakes. By turning the handle 25 till the index 31 reaches the point marked 4,000, the first end ofthe port 2l being brought in register with the pipe 7, while the port 19 is closed, the steam will be introduced into the larger cylinder, 2, thus applying, say, four thousand pounds pressure to the brakes. By turning the handle 25 farther, so` that the index reaches the point marked 6,000,7 the ports 20 and 21 are bothbrought inregister With the respective pipes 6 and 7,

l thus applying steam to both cylinders l and 2,

so as to act upon the sum ot' their areas. Steam is in each case delivered through the port 23 to the train-brake. By turning the handle still farther, to the point marked ,off,7 the connecting-groove 24 will be brought in register with .all the pipes 6, 7, 8, and 16, lettin goti" the steam from both cylinders 1 and 2, and also the steam from the train-brakes, where pressure-brakes are used therefor, thus releasing all the brakes.

A suitable connection may be used to admit steam to the chamber 4 through the pipe 28 at the time the chambers 1 and 2 are emptied, or the brakes may be retracted by sprin gs, as usual. The rear end of the cylinder 2 may be open to the atmosphere, and that of the cylinder 1 also, if steam be not used for retractin g.

The arrangement of the outlets in the valvecasing and valve-cylinder may ot' course be transposed without changing the invention, the ports in the Valve proper being in a longitudinal line, and the openings in the casing 14 arranged spirally or in different angular positions.

, In the drawings I have shown, for the purpose of illustration, two motor-cylinders hav-- IOO IIO

ber here shown, for the purpose of producing a cumulative pressure upon the wheels.

Having thus described my invention, the

following is what I claim -as new therein and ydesire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In fluid-brakes, a cock having several outlets arranged for separate and joint use, substantially as described.

2. A cock constructed-with portsfor the delivery of steam to differential cylinders of the locomotive-brake, a port to actuate the trainbrake, and a discharge-port.

3.'The combination of a locomotive-brake and an air or vacuum train-brake actuated,l

ISO

simultaneously by a cock or valve common to cock having several outlets arranged for separate and joint use, ofa series of motor-cylinders corresponding innumber with the openings in the said cock, and arranged to be used either singly or jointly to gain several degrees of force-in the application of the brakes While the motor-Huid is derived from a reservoir with a single degree of pressure.

5. In fluid-brakes, the combination, with a cock having several outlets arranged for sep arate and joint use, of a series of lnotorcylinders corresponding in number with the openings in the said cock, and arranged to be used either singly orjointly, and a hydraulic cylinder for transmitting force by means of' waterrods to the braking apparatus.

6. In a Huid-brake apparatus, the cylinder 14, provided with the inlet-pipe 15, dischargepipe 16, and outlet-pipes 6, 7, and 8, in combination with the valvestem 17 and its shell 1 8, provided with openings 19 20, elongated openings 21 22, arranged substantially as described, andthe groove 24, as and for the purposes specified. Y

7. In Huid-brakes, a series of motor-cylinders of different relative internal areas arranged in line, each pair of cylinder-chambers being separated at their contiguous ends 'by a single head, and each of said cylinders being provided with a pipe opening into the livesteam side ot' its pistonchamber, in combination with a piston-rod common to all the cylinders and carrying a series of pistons corresponding in number with the several cylinders and each of equal diameter to the internal diameter of its respective cylinder-chamber, substantially as and for the purposes described.

S. In luid-brakes, the combination,` with a series of motor-cylinders oi' differential re1ative internal areas, arranged in line and each provided with a` pipe opening into the livesteam side ofits piston-chamber, and ahydrau- 45 lic cylinder in line with the steam-cylinders, and provided with a Water-rod communicating with the brake-operating mechanism, of'ifa piston-rod common to the motor-cylinders and the hydraulic cylinder and carrying a series of pistons corresponding in number to the motor-cylinders, and each of equal diameter to the internal diameter ot" its respective cylinder-chamber, and a hydraulic piston Working in the hydraulic cylinder-chamber, substan- 55 tally as and for the purposes specified.

DOLPHUS TORREY.

Witnesses Oo'rAVIUs KNIGHT, WALTER ALLEN. 

